The Bilingual Education Policy for Ethnic Minority Students in Vietnam: The Multiculturalism and Language Ethnology Perspectives

The bilingual education program for ethnic minority and multicultural education ensures equitable access to education for minority communities while promoting the preservation of their cultural identities. The Vietnamese government has made significant efforts to protect and maintain the languages of ethnic minority groups across the country. This study not only outlines the bilingual education framework for ethnic minority learners in Vietnam but also examines the bilingual education policy embedded in the 2018 National General Education Program, highlighting both the advantages and challenges of implementing such policies in a multi-ethnic and multilingual context like Vietnam. Data for this research are primarily drawn from academic literature on multiculturalism, studies on bilingual education, and official government documents. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of the potential and limitations of Vietnam’s bilingual education policy for ethnic minority students, analyzed through the lenses of multiculturalism and language ethnology